Eye Refraction

 Refraction     

• Eye refraction is the process by which the eye bends light to focus it on the retina, which is the light-sensitive layer at the back of the eye. The ability of the eye to bend light is determined by the shape of the cornea and the lens, which act together to create a clear image on the retina.
• In a normal eye, light entering the eye is focused precisely on the retina, resulting in clear and sharp vision. However, if the shape of the cornea or lens is abnormal, the light may be focused in front of or behind the retina, resulting in blurred vision. This is known as a refractive error, and it can take several forms, including:
• 1. Myopia or nearsightedness, which occurs when the eye is too long, causing light to be focused in front of the retina instead of on it.
  2. Hyperopia or farsightedness, which occurs when the eye is too short, causing light to be focused behind the retina instead of on it.
  3. Astigmatism, which occurs when the cornea is irregularly shaped, causing light to be focused on multiple points in the retina instead of a single point.

To correct refractive errors, corrective lenses such as glasses or contact lenses can be prescribed to adjust the way light enters the eye. In some cases, refractive surgery, such as LASIK or PRK, can be performed to permanently alter the shape of the cornea and improve vision.